• Discrimination in the workplace (i.e. Age, sex, gender, etc.);
• Sexual harassment;
• Enforcement of other rules also handed down by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC);
• Employee retirement plans (Pension plans, health plans, & other ERISA issues);
• Counseling unions on issues, such as employee strikes, wage increases, etc.;
• Assisting in the formation of unions;
• Issues dealing with conformity to OSHA regulations;
• Drafting, reviewing, and advising companies on their employee handbooks;
• Representing employees or ex-employees with issues arising with their employer, such as wrongful termination, wage issues, and other litigation issues;
• Proper workplace practices;
• Advising on hiring either independent contractors or employees.

The main role of employment and labor laws is to prevent companies from taking part in unfair practices, such as discrimination, excessive work hours for little pay, etc.  Many policies have been instituted by the U.S. government, including child labor laws, minimum wage requirements, and policies against discrimination.  An employment and labor law attorney not only advises businesses on best practices and lawsuit prevention methods, but he or she also represents employees who have been wronged by their company.